MOTIVATION

Motivation is anything that spurs, urges, propels, energizes, and pushes an individual to do something

REWARD

Reward is anything that comes after an action

INCENTIVES

An incentive is anything that comes before an action or an act

                                                                                                                                                           

TYPES OF MOTIVATION

1.     INSTRINSIC MOTIVATION

This is when an athlete is motivated to do something because of the love or joy he derives from doing it.

CHARACTERISTICS OF AN INSTRINSIC MOTIVATED ATHLETE

a.       Confidence

b.      Self esteem

c.       Satisfaction

d.      Joy of cheer

e.       Feeling of well being

f.        Self identity

g.       Whole hearted involvement

2.     EXTRINSIC MOTIVATION

This is when an athlete is motivated to do something because of money, prizes, physical gift, attention he will derive from doing it.

CHARACTERISTICS OF AN EXTRINSIC MOTIVATED ATHLETE

a.       For position seeking

b.      For recognition

c.       For attention

d.      For prizes

e.       For status

f.        For fame

3.     AMOTIVATION OR DEMOTIVATION

This is in-between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation

                                                                                                                                                           

MOTIVATIONAL APPROACHES TO MAKE ATHLETES PERFORMANCE

1.      Constructive criticism

2.      Encouragement

3.      Give feedback

4.      Give incentives

5.      Knowledge of result

6.      Praises

7.      Punishment

8.      Reward

                                                                                                                                                           

FACTORS TO CONSIDER BEFORE MOTIVATING AN ATHLETE

1.      Nature of competition

2.      Personality of the athlete

3.      Tangible rewards (e.g. money, medals, houses, cars, e.t.c)

4.      Intangible rewards (e.g. praises, a pat on the back, e.t.c)

5.      Encouragement

SOURCES CONTRIBUTING TO TOTAL LEVEL OF MOTIVATION

Carron (1980) identified the following sources contributing to the total level of motivation;

1.      Dimensions within the athletes. (athletes personal and individual goals)

2.      Dimensions within the competitive (competitive environment)

3.      The task dimensions. (nature of the task ahead)

4.      The results of performance dimension. (outcome of a competition)